Transfer the grated Parmesan cheese or Parmigiano Reggiano to a large bowl.
To a wok or skillet over medium heat, add two tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil, heat until shimmering, add a cup of panko Japanese breadcrumbs and stir-fry continuously for a few minutes (or as long as it takes) until golden-brown.
Transfer the breadcrumbs to the bowl of grated Parmesan, stir well to thoroughly incorporate then transfer half to a small bowl.
Use a paper kitchen towel to wipe the wok or skillet, add two tablespoons of extra virgin olive oil, heat until shimmering, add the green beans, stir-fry for a few minutes, then add the minced garlic, sea salt, chilli flakes, sesame seeds, and sugar, and stir-fry continuously for another minute or two. Add the balsamic vinegar and stir to combine well.
Transfer the beans to the large bowl of breadcrumbs and stir to thoroughly combine. Of the breadcrumbs that you separated into a smaller bowl, spread half out onto a serving plate. Pile the green beans on top, sprinkle on the remaining breadcrumbs, and serve immediately.
If you wish, sprinkle on more grated Parmesan, more chilli flakes, or perhaps cracked black pepper.